Pilobolus is an American modern dance company that began performing in October 1971. Pilobolus has performed over 100 choreographic works in more than 64 countries around the world, and has been featured on the 79th Annual Academy Awards, Oprah and Late Night with Conan O'Brien.

History 
Pilobolus is named after a phototropic fungus that Jonathan Wolken's father was studying in a lab at the time of the company's inception. The fungus grows on cow dung and propels itself with extraordinary strength, speed and accuracy.

Pilobolus Dance Theatre is based in Washington Depot, Connecticut with offices in New York City and Belgium. The company tours domestically and internationally, performing works from its over 100-piece repertory as well as new pieces, created at a pace of about two per year.

Pilobolus Dance Theatre has three main branches: a touring company, Pilobolus, that creates new works through the International Collaborators Project; an educational programming arm that teaches the company's group-based creative process; and Pilobolus Creative Services, which offers movement services for film, advertising, publishing, commercial clients and corporate events.

The founding members were Robby Barnett, Alison Becker Chase, Martha Clarke, Lee Harris, Moses Pendleton, Michael Tracy, and Jonathan Wolken. Harris departed around 1975, leaving six members: four men and two women. This has remained the basic configuration of the troupe. In November 1977, Pilobolus made its Broadway debut in a limited engagement at the St. James Theater, to great acclaim. Arlene Croce, writing in the New Yorker, praised the group as "six of the most extraordinary people now performing."

Martha Clarke left in 1978. Pendleton left in 1990 after having collaborated with Chase in 1980 to form the offshoot group Momix. The four remaining founders (Barnett, Chase, Tracy, and Wolken) continued as artistic directors, choreographing collectively and in various combinations in collaboration with new dancers brought into the company in subsequent years. Chase left in 2006 and has gone on to found her own company, Alison Chase Performance. Wolken died in 2010.

Pilobolus performances are characterized by a strong element of physical interaction between the bodies of the performers and exaggerations orcontortions of the human form (or other anthropomorphic forms), requiring extreme strength, flexibility and athleticism. From early on, the company "made a specialty of playful topsy-turvy entanglements that defied anatomical logic" and which sometimes "gave rise to bizarre imagery." This approach broke new ground, and soon "even choreographers who did not consciously borrow from the group enjoyed new license in bringing bodies (especially men) into closer physical contact" than previously.

In 1999, Pilobolus collaborated with Maurice Sendak and Arthur Yorinks in the production of "A Selection", a work with the Holocaust as its theme, documented in the film Last Dance. In 2004 the company was the subject of a feature profile on CBS' 60 Minutes.

In 2007 Pilobolus appeared as performers in the television broadcast of the79th Academy Awards. Their act was done in silhouette behind a white translucent screen, where they formed various figures at intervals during the show: first, the Oscar statue itself; then logos (or scenes) from various films: Happy Feet, Little Miss Sunshine, Snakes on a Plane, The Devil Wears Prada, and The Departed. At one point, they were introduced to the audience, wearing loose-fitting wraps. The act for Snakes on a Plane included host Ellen DeGeneres, who said afterwards, "They're naked!" Whether she was joking or serious was left to the imagination.

Following the company's appearance on the 79th Academy Awards, Pilobolus's signature shapes and shadow work were featured in 2008 on the 39th Season ofSesame Street, as well as on Late Night with Conan O'Brien and Oprah.

In October of 2012, Pilobolus premiered UP: The Umbrella Project, the company's second collaboration with Daniela Rus and the MIT Distributed Robotics Laboratory, at the PopTech Conference in Camden, Maine. Untrained participants wielding umbrellas fabricated with multi-colored LED lights, created a performance piece together that was projected in real time on a large screen. This Pilobolus piece, like all of the modern performance company's work over the last 42 years, was borne out of its proven method of collective creativity.

International Collaborators Project 
In 2007, Pilobolus established the International Collaborators Project (ICP), in which the dance company teams up with visiting artists annually to expand its unique collective choreographic process. To celebrate this inaugural event, Pilobolus Artistic Director Robby Barnett invited star Israeli director and choreographer Inbal Pinto and her artistic collaborator, actor and designer Avshalom Pollak, that same year to join the company in its studios inConnecticut.

Other ICP collaborators include writer and illustrator, Maurice Sendak; the puppeteer, Basil Twist; Pulitzer Prize-winner, comic artist Art Spiegelman; the Grammy-winning American composer and musician Dan Zanes; singer/composer David Poe; SpongeBob SquarePants head writer Steven Banks; the Grammy-winning band OK Go; the MIT Distributed Robotics Laboratory directed by Professor Daniela Rus; the Japanese butoh choreographer Takuya Muramatsu of the troupe Dairakudakan; WNYC’s Radiolab with hosts Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich; the MacArthur “Genius” Award-winning juggler Michael Moschen; the Belgian-Moroccan choreographer Sidi Larbi Cherkaoui; award-winning director and choreographer, Trish Sie; master illusionists Penn & Teller; and Israeli authors and filmmakers Etgar Keret and Shira Geffen.

The 2009 Pilobolus calendar was created while the company was on tour in Israel in January 2008, in collaboration with the Israeli Consulate in New York. Renowned photographer Robert Whitman captured Pilobolus in a variety of colorful Israeli landscapes, including the Dead Sea, Old Jaffa, markets inJerusalem, hot springs, and the streets of Haifa.

Educational Programming 
Pilobolus classes and workshops use the art of collaborative choreography as a model for creative thinking in general. Pilobolus educational projects include a series of workshops for Avon Corporation in partnership with Deloitte, classes at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania and at Dartmouth College’s Tuck School of Business, and a program at the Babcock School at Wake Forest University. Every summer, the company offers several week-long adult workshops and runs a children's camp at its home in Washington Depot, CT. The company’s youth development program, Movin’, in partnership with the Shubert Theater in New Haven, offers fully funded, month-long choreographic programs for middle school boys and girls. Based on Movin’s success, Pilobolus has launched multiple programs for middle and high school students in New York City public schools.

After co-founder Jonathan Wolken died in 2010, Pilobolus established the Jonathan Wolken Education Fund to help spread the spirit of his teaching and methods.

Pilobolus Creative Services 
Pilobolus Creative Services provides movement design and production for commercial applications in business and advertising. PCS has made television spots for Mobil, Ford, Toyota, Opel, Hyundai, Multicentrum, BBVA, Bidvest, and Procter & Gamble - including an Emmy-Nominated piece for the NFL Network -and created live events for IBM, McKinsey, United Technologies, Dupont, Merck, and Google. PCS created and presented six acclaimed performances during the 79th Annual Academy Awards, and produced a series of original segments for the Oprah Winfrey Show and Late Night with Conan O’Brien. PCS produced two books for national distribution, Twisted Yoga and The Human Alphabet.

Shadowland 
After its shadow theater performance on the 79th Annual Academy Awards, Pilobolus embarked on the creation of an evening-length movement-theater piece titled Shadowland. It was created in collaboration with Steven Banks, head writer for the hit Nickelodeon show “SpongeBob SquarePants,” and singer-songwriter David Poe, who wrote the score. To date, Shadowland has sold over 450,000 tickets world-wide.

Awards 
Pilobolus has received many awards, among them:
1981: Connecticut Commission on the Arts for Excellence in the Arts
1996: In appreciation for participation in the 1996 Olympic Arts Festival, presented by the Atlanta Committee for the Olympic Games
1996-1997: Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Achievement in Cultural Programming, presented by JF Kennedy Center 25th Anniversary Celebration PBS
2000: Samuel H. Scripps American Dance Festival Award for Lifetime Achievement in Choreography
2005: TED Fellowship for performing a TED Talk
2007: In appreciation for performance of the 79th Academy Awards
2010: Dance Magazine Award 2010 (Pilobolus was the first collective ever to receive a Dance Magazine Award, which recognizes artists who have made lasting contributions to the field)
2011: Lunas del Auditorio - Pilobolus - Danza Moderna
2011: Guinness World Record for fitting most people into a Mini Cooper

Berlin Critic's Prize
Brandeis Award
Scotsman Award for performances at the Edinburgh Festival
New England Theatre Conference Prize
Connecticut Commission on the Arts Award for Excellence
2011: Wetten Dass “Best of” award for live entertainment of the last thirty years – ranked 8th among 30 of the program’s most notable performances of 2011
2011: Grammy Nomination for interactive video, “All Is Not Lost” created in collaboration with OK Go, Google, and Trish Sie
2012: Lions awards for “All Is Not Lost” interactive video, including: GOLD FILM LION: Interactive Film; GOLD CYBER LION: Craft; GOLD CYBER LION: Best Video; GOLD DESIGN LION: Typography; SILVER CYBER LION: Websites & Microsites and Publications & Media; BRONZE DESIGN LION: Online Digital Design
2012: Botsker Award for Best Robot Actor at 2012 Robot Film Festival
2012: Winner of the 2012 German Live Entertainment Award