Consular processing (CP) is equivalent to I-485 or adjustment of status process with the difference is that 485 can be filed only if the applicant is physically present in USA.

Consular processing is a interview process which, an applicant can take at us consulates overseas.

In order to apply for the consular processing, applicant's I-140 (I-140 must be approved and the visa number (priority date) should be current.

You can apply for consular processing if
• You are outside the US
• You live in the US but prefer processing at a US consulate abroad for convenience