In mid-nineteenth century, the Qing empire faced internal and external, and coincides with the discovery of gold in California, America West, needs a large number of workers, many Chinese people learned this news, we began the development of a large number of to America West, invariably male, but most are Cantonese. Later, it gradually has many Spanish-American women to reunite with her husband. On the other hand, because of the hardship, there is a lot of selling baby phenomenon, so there are a lot of the baby was sold to America West, these girls in order to survive, began to enter the prostitutes work. In addition to prostitute themselves pick up the work, the rest of the time should be allocated to women as garment production, we can say that not only is sexual oppression, economic oppression also lived quite miserable.

The whole history of overseas Chinese scholars, in the face of such problems, you always want to touch too much. Because of these historical little, leaving a record much, but still rely on the only access information with relevant agencies such as the mouth, then the situation will do a lot of interpretation.

First of all, we talked about immigrant background. This section can be divided into thrust and pulling force. Thrust part of the mid-Qing Dynasty after a serious political and economic problems, the unequal treaties with foreign and domestic insurgency problems caused considerable damage to society as a whole, especially in the south, south of Guangzhou particularly even. Furthermore, the author also presents some cultural factors, the authors cite as an example of Hakka culture. Hakka people originally lived in central China, but later in the invasion Song Jin after a massive relocation guest in Guangdong and Guangxi, so called Hakka. Relative to the Guangdong native, Hakka and powerful unbound feet outward, when foreign forces invaded China, the Hakka is also very easy to pick up that foreign cultures, and such cultural practices do not meet with the locals, often conflict, resulting in Later Hakka settlers out of the situation began to emerge. Rally part because many families are America West's first husband, while his wife and daughter and later follow-up, so you can see many women moved to America West because of family reunion, There is also the opportunity to work to get rid of the Spanish-American fight for the causes of poverty .

But not every woman can easily reach the United States. Of which there are three main factors. First, the Chinese laborers came to America West's economic capacity is usually insufficient, they had to travel to the U.S. West, etc. are all paid by the employer, so to face after the Spanish-American first problem is to settle the debt, which makes them absolutely no spare capacity to bring their wives and daughters of America West. Second, from the constraints of traditional Chinese culture strength, because the traditional role of women in society in addition to serving her husband, should also serve in-laws, but this time her husband to America West to make money, usually his wife's choice is to stay home to take care of her in-laws, Until the death of her in-laws will go to America West and her husband together. Third, the United States developed a number of Chinese Exclusion Act prohibited Chinese women into the United States. 1875 was passed, "Page Act" (Page Law of 1875) was the first to enter the United States restrictions on Chinese Women Act (1882 years, the Chinese Exclusion Act is passed, for the first time only for the Chinese ) , and this bill also prohibits the All "Mongoloid" contract laborers into the prohibited immigrant women as prostitutes. And investigate the reasons for the United States for Chinese exclusion from two points of view big, first of all, if the Chinese women came to the United States, then their husbands from "passing strange land" became "settlers." Secondly, the Chinese women's ability to have children because there came to the United States, the Chinese community formation and expansion will be the inevitable question. Therefore, in the implementation of the Chinese Exclusion Act, the more it will Baibandiaonan, broadly interpreted, often causing his wife and daughter to come visit will be interpreted as a prostitute who is refused, but did not cause these difficulties came to the U.S. West reduction in the number of Chinese, many were illegal or counterfeit birth certificates have entered the U.S. West, to reach their desired destination.

Then talk about the rise of Chinese prostitution, the author's discussion is divided into two phases. First, the period of free competition, the time probably in 1849-1854 years, between the period of female prostitutes in California as basically only single digits, but because these pioneers came to California as a prostitute after the impact and revenue rather considerable, and caused many white sensation, so that more Chinese women want to come here to make money.
Collective bargaining period for the second period, the time point in the 1854-1900 years. Because prostitution industry in the United States caused by the atmosphere, many Americans regard as exhibits Chinese women look and hold to novel vision of view. So in 1854 years, the Chinese began to organized prostitution, group sex transport a large number of Chinese women to the United States, but these groups are usually carried out illegal trafficking in human beings, these women into the United States after the beginning of the work as prostitutes. And because many women are illiterate, causing very bad conduct by the employer exploitation. During this period, because a lot of women into the United States as a prostitute, making the Chinese occupation ranking projects in the United States, 1850 - 1870 , the prostitutes are always in the first row, until 1880 housewife rafts before the first one.

In addition, the authors also book from the time of contract, sorting out a few issues, first, about three prostitutes working four to five years. Second, the contract specifically mentioned in the book at least one year work 320 days, but unfortunately, it can be more year contract up. Third, under contract whore absolutely no chance to escape, because she is in a period where labor restrictions. Fourth, her family would like to redeem it really is not easy, because the redemption price must be coupled with a huge amount of loan sharks. Although the contract indicates that the content can be obtained as long as the woman to complete freedom, but in fact, there are many women did not complete the contract was let go and continue to pick up.

Prostitution Group was basically controlled by the mafia group, because the economic interests of the industry is too high, making trading has become a prostitute will fight various parishes in the key. General point of view, in the strict enforcement of the Chinese Exclusion Act before, although the prostitutes as supply and demand curves, prices vary, but on average, probably in the 300 U.S. dollars price, which is very inexpensive. Many Chinese Exclusion Act until after the adoption of stringent enforcement, leading to a woman prices have begun to grow, the data to be found the highest price is 1989 year, sold a 14 -year-old woman in 2800 dollars.

Mentioned again that, although many Chinese women in the United States to work with other ethnic women in general, but they are not the same nature, say prostitutes Well, other ethnic and American whites as prostitutes Museum, is part of career nature, and these prostitutes themselves are professional in nature. But any Chinese woman prostitute incumbent, usually from China lured trafficking slaves, they are forced to enter into contracts with the main brothel, and the impermanence sell their bodies, all proceeds go brothel owners.

In addition, these Chinese prostitutes, often pretty good pick by Chinese concubine. While a few pretty good then elected to the finest brothels, and their services are relatively high target course of people in the community, although a variety of conditions are good, but there are still likely to be sold by employers.

Most prostitutes are at relatively low quality of life under the place they pick up quite narrow, and the guests are mostly poor working class and so on, very poor quality of life.

Although the whores are being exploited in all respects, but in the resulting extra pick jewelry, silk and small fees gifts are allowed themselves left behind, so it will have to send money back home to some whore's sake.

Chinese prostitutes in American society has always been among the lowest-order hierarchy, and even can be said that in the lowest level in prostitution. In the mine life is suffering prostitutes to earn money is meager, causing many women have often choose to escape or suicide means to get rid of their plight. In the rescue prostitutes, the U.S. church organization really helped a lot on the busy, there are many prostitutes therefore given a new life. But there are a lot of prostitutes in thought through legal means or church organizations, etc. way to escape persecution, they might be hunted down control of their parishes, parishes and even reward that will be issued, offering a reward for these women as well as men, they fled.

In addition, as mentioned before, more than pick up prostitutes in addition to their own, to work in the garment industry during the day, such as sewing buttons, sewing pants, shoes, and many women do red work. Fully extract their workforce in order to accumulate capital and to develop other businesses.

According to estimates, in every Chinese women as prostitutes, the average life expectancy in about twenty years old, a common sexually transmitted diseases and tuberculosis. So in fact, many Chinese prostitutes is simply not complete agreement on the dead, even if the pain is not dead wrapped born. While their funeral rarely noticed, the general laborers are dying would normally be sent back to China after a home burial, but many Chinese prostitutes in the body after death and no one inquired, and was abandoned on the streets of Chinatown or ditch .

In addition, since the age of Chinese prostitutes basically childbearing age, so the children of prostitutes often these problems. These homes will basically go to prostitutes to use these kids to help prostitutes hospital affairs, especially girls, brothel girls first primary will help many of these small chores, and slowly develop their willingness to serve as prostitutes, so then most of these girls become prostitutes ratio is quite high, the reason for this.

In 1870 , the increasingly high because of the mechanization of mining, resulting in reduced manpower, making some low-level prostitutes followed manpower to leave mine, and also started to go to other industries. Another part of many American white women organized rescue operations plus the power of the church, making the 1880 after the number of Chinese prostitutes also significantly reduced.

In the 1880 's, the Chinese began to housewives female occupations ranked the highest, where heads can understand explanations, many prostitutes rescued after, married into a more normal families, and began as a housewife. Such an interpretation that says, at the time of Chinese women to the United States and housewives are wealthy or powerful than the man's wife, so to 1880 after the emergence of the housewife, the majority may have been as a prostitute in the previous a post. These housewives except for a few wealthy families, most families have to help do in addition to taking into account the maid to compensate the family income. So, although the increase in the proportion of housewives, but in fact, was the living conditions are not so easy.

And 1880 , the housewife Although China has become the first women's career, but it is still ranked in the second prostitutes, while other professions salary has also been an increase in women workers, including women sewing, seamstress, clothing industry, etc. Many legitimate career women increased in the 20th century, women in the textile industry is more than males. But it is important, no matter what these occupations, these workers are actually very meager salary, life is actually very hardships.

Finally, we come to be summed up. 1870 years after the prostitution industry gradually decline down, there are several factors that can explain it. First, in southern China, the family sold her daughter and her daughter's wishes mortgage getting low, and trading industries prostitutes increasingly difficult. Second, the 1882 years after the passage of the Chinese Exclusion Act, Chinese women emigrated to America on the threshold height. Thirdly, 1880 after the San Francisco area gradually balanced sex ratio, and the U.S. regulations prohibited the sale of Chinese prostitutes, missionary efforts for the abolition of Chinese prostitutes and so on. Fourth, the United States has been reported in newspapers and magazines prostitutes evil face, making the Chinese company for the expulsion of non-stop effort to change the Chinese image of the Chinese as prostitutes.

Of course, there are many prostitutes were rescued after accustomed to a normal life, often many will go back to work as prostitutes; but most chose to marry a Christian Chinese or return to China.

And from many Chinese prostitutes living with the results, they explore the American dream to reach the Spanish-American woman, despite the oppression, but in the end many of them to establish a normal family, and for the development of the Chinese community in the United States played a role, the history of Chinese immigrants in the United States is an integral part of a historical factors.