Proctor Academy is a coeducational, independent preparatory boarding school for grades 9-12 located on 3,000 acres (12 km²) in Andover, New Hampshire.
 
Origin 
Andover Academy was established in 1848 by the Town of Andover. The idea of the school spawned from a sewing group conversation between the wives of the area's prominent families, in the living room of attorney Samuel Butterfield. The women shared a strong conviction that their town needed a school for its expanding population. On June 23, 1848, the incorporation of the academy was approved, with Samuel Butterfield as president, Walcott Hamlin as secretary, and True Brown and John Fellows as executive committee members.
The academy opened its doors in August 1848, on the second floor of the church on Main Street, with many of the desks, chairs and chalkboards donated by the Butterfields. Mrs. Eliza Butterfield set up the curriculum with Dyer H. Sanbornas the principal and Miss Eliza Wingate as "preceptress". The first term had 43 girls and 65 boys enrolled, but within four years the school had grown to just over 250 students.
The school year was set up into four terms of twelve weeks each. The tuition rate, per quarter, was:

• $3.00 for common classes
• $3.50 for higher English, and Languages
• $1.00 to $3.00 for Drawing and Painting
• $1.00 to $3.00 for Needlework
• $2.00 for Music
• $8.00 for Students with incidental expenses

The curriculum the first year included: English, Latin, Greek Literature, Mathematics, Morals, Natural and Intellectual Science, Modern Languages, Drawing & Painting, Music, Elocution, Vocal Music, and Penmanship.
In 1850, Ancient Languages, Surveying, Instrumental Music, and Chemistry were added. In 1852, Book-keeping, Theoretical & Practical Surveying, and Pen Drawing were added, and a library was established.

1850-1900 
Principal Sanborn (1850–1851) was very popular with the students, and the school thrived through its first couple of years with funding by generous patrons. After two years, Sanborn stepped down, and Moses Leland Morse of Bowdoin College took over for the next two years as principal. Under Morse, the student body more than doubled, as chemistry was added to the curriculum and the guaranty fund reached $3,000. Woodbury Langdon, Luther Puffer (law student), and John Simonds were some of the first graduates to go on to college. After Principal Morse stepped down, Thaddeus W. Bruce (1852–1853) of Dartmouth College took the helm with Miss Marcia Foster as assistant (which whom later married). Around this time future world-renowned artist David Dalhoff Neal also attended classes. George Dustan took over as principal in 1854 when the school fell victim to a smallpox outbreak, in which one of the teachers and a former student died.
The smallpox epidemic in 1854-1855 forced the school to close, and for the next three decades the school struggled with its identity and funding. In 1857, the school reopened its doors as the New England Christian Literary and Biblical Institute, then again in 1860 as the Andover Christian Institute. In 1865, the school was closed and reopened in Wolfeboro, New Hampshire as the Wolfeboro Christian Institute.
As the school struggled, former Andover resident John Proctor, the inventor of the threaded wood screw, returned, in 1857, to build up the town. By the 1870s Proctor helped to return the school to Andover, debt-free, as well as build a new dormitory on the site of modern-day Gannett House. In 1879, the Unitarian Church sought to purchase the Andover school in order to create a school "free from...theological dogmatizing and unnatural religious methods." Andover was a hotbed of Unitarian thought, which helped to facilitate the sale of the school. In 1881, the school was opened as Proctor Academy in honor of John Proctor's contributions to the school.

The 1930s and 40s 
Not realizing the severity of the economic downturn, in 1932 the trustees of the school invested $45,000 to build Maxwell Savage Hall. At the first assembly of the 1935 school year, Headmaster Carl Wetherell announced that he was quitting due to the poor outlook for the school. A search for a replacement was hurriedly started. John Halsey Gulick took the job, and immediately instituted sweeping reforms of the school, creating mechanical arts programs such as boat building,wood shop, and machine shop. Students were involved in the upkeep and improvement of the school, clearing the land for the school's first ski area, Slalom Hill, as well as a farm which was used to feed the community. The school's wood shop and metal shop are still in use today for metalworking, boat building, and woodworking projects. The farm no longer exists, but the school does still maintain a student-tended organic garden.

The 1950s and 60s 
Lyle Farrell, who started teaching at Proctor in the 1930s, took over as Headmaster of the school in 1952. During his time as Headmaster, he pushed for the expansion of the school, leading to the construction of Holland Auditorium, Shirley Hall, Farrell Field House, Leonard Field, Farrell Field and the Blackwater Ski Area. Farrell also established the learning skills programs for college-bound students with dyslexia.

The 1970s and beyond 
In 1971, David Fowler succeeded Lyle Farrell as Headmaster. He instituted a democratic student government, rather than a seniority system. Realizing the unique location and programs that Proctor offered, they created a wilderness orientation program for new students, which still exists today. In 1974, the mountain classroom program was created, combining an Outward Bound type of small group outdoor experience with specialized academic sessions. By 1975, Proctor had faculty and facilities in Madrid, Spain, and Clermont-Ferrand, France, which led to later experiential education programs in Segovia, Spain, and Pont-l'Abbé,France. In 2011 European Classroom, an art and French program, was created, replacing the France program.

Athletics
Proctor Academy fields teams in interscholastic competition in alpine skiing, baseball, basketball, cycling, mountain biking, canoeing, cross-country running, cross-country skiing, dance, downhill skiing, field hockey, football, freestyle skiing, golf, hockey, horseback riding, ice hockey, kayaking, lacrosse, Nordic skiing, ski jumping, snowboarding, soccer, softball, and tennis. The school belongs to the New England Preparatory School Athletic Council, which Proctor's women's ice hockey team won the championship of in 2012.
The school competes against (among others): Vermont Academy, Phillips Exeter Academy, Kimball Union Academy, Holderness School, Brewster Academy, New Hampton School and Tilton School.